Indian Gaming Law Pathfinder

Faye Hadley, Native American Resources/Reference Law Librarian
m-hadley@utulsa.edu/phone: 918-631-2457
Mabee Legal Information Center, University of Tulsa College of Law

(03/05/07)

Introduction: Indian Gaming has been a burgeoning area of law since the Supreme Court decided the case of California v. Cabazon Band of Mission Indians, 480 U.S. 202 (1987) and Congress passed the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act in 1988. There are many resources available from the MLIC that deal with Indian Gaming. This pathfinder will provide researchers with several options for researching this growing area of law.

Indian Gaming Regulatory Act was enacted on October 17, 1988 as Pub. L. 100-497 and is codified at 25 U.S.C. 2701 - 2721.

Other pertinent statute: The Johnson Act, Pub. L. 87-840 and is codified at 15 U.S.C. 1171-1178.

Statutes:

Code of Federal Regulations:
Commission Regulations can be found at 25 CFR parts 501 – 580.

Regulations:

Some Library of Congress Subject Headings for use when searching Innopac (MLIC’s online library catalog):

--Gambling On Indian Reservations – Connecticut
--Gambling On Indian Reservations – Florida
--Gambling On Indian Reservations Law And Legislation United States
--Gambling On Indian Reservations Economic Aspects United States
--Gambling On Indian Reservations Government Policy United States
--Gambling On Indian Reservations Government Policy Wisconsin
--Gambling On Indian Reservations Law And Legislation Rhode Island
--Gambling On Indian Reservations Law And Legislation United States Congresses
--Gambling On Indian Reservations Social Aspects United States
--Gambling On Indian Reservations United States
--Gambling Pequot Indians

Location codes:
-Indigenous Peoples Collection - IPC
-Native American Law Center - NALC

Indian Gaming Titles in the MLIC Collection:

Tribal Governmental Gaming Law: Cases and Materials, / G. William Rice. Durham, N.C.: Carolina Academic Press, 2006.
Location: IPC KF8210.G35 R54 2006

Indian Gaming, / Stuart A. Kallen, book editor. Farmington, MI: Greenhaven Press; Detroit: Thomson/Gale, 2006.
Location: IPC E98.G18 I5249 2006

Indian Gaming Law and Policy, / Kathryn R.L. Rand; Steven Andrew Light. Durham, N.C.: Carolina Academic Press, 2006.
Location: IPC KF8210.G35 R36 2006

American Indians on Reservations: A Databook of Socioeconomic Change between the 1990 and 2000 Censuses, / Jonathan B. Taylor, Joseph P. Kalt.
[Cambridge, MA]: Harvard Project on American Indian Economic Development, Malcolm Wiener Center for Social Policy, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 2005.
Location: NALC E98.E2 T39 2005

Indian Gaming & Tribal Sovereignty: The Casino Compromise, / Steven Andrew Light & Kathryn R.L. Rand. Lawrence, Kan.: University Press of Kansas, c2005.
Location: IPC E98.G18 L54 2005

Indian Gaming Handbook / edited by Jerome L. Levine. Los Angeles: Holland & Knight LLP, 2005. 6th ed.
4 volumes.
Location: NALC KF8210.G36 I57 2005

Gaming: Hearing before the Committee on Indian Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Ninth Congress, first session, on oversight Hearing on the Regulation of Indian Gaming., Washington: U.S. G.P.O.: For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O., 2005-
Available online at http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/LPS63205
Location: McFarlin Gov Docs Y 4.IN 2/11:S.HRG.109-50/ (pts 1 & 2)

New Capitalists: Law, Politics, and Identity Surrounding Casino Gaming on Native American Land, Eve Darian-Smith. Australia; Belmont, CA: Thomson/Wadsworth, 2004.
Location: IPC E98.G18 D37 2004

Native Pathways: American Indian Culture and Economic Development in the Twentieth Century / edited by Brian Hosmer and Colleen O'Neill; foreword by Donald L. Fixico. Boulder, Col.: University Press of Colorado, 2004.
Location: NALC E98.E2 N38 2004

Gaming Tax Law for Indian Tribal Governments / Internal Revenue Service, Tax Exempt and Government Entitities, Indian Tribal Governments. [Washington, D.C.: Dept. of the Treasury, Internal Revenue Service, 2003].
Location: IPC KF8210.G36 G36 2003

Hitting the Jackpot: The Inside Story of the Richest Indian Tribe in History / Brett Duval Fromson.
Location: IPC E99.P53 F76 2003

Gambling and Survival in Native North America / Paul Pasquaretta. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2003.
Location: IPC E98.G18 P37 2003

Revenge of the Pequots: How a Small Native American Tribe Created the World's Most Profitable Casino / Kim Isaac Eisler.
Location: IPC E99.P53 E57 2002

Indian Gaming Handbook / edited by Jerome L. Levine. Los Angeles: Holland & Knight LLP, 2001. (two volumes).
Location: IPC KF8210.G36 I57 2001

Indian Gaming: Tribal Sovereignty and American Politics / by W. Dale Mason. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2000. Location: IPC E78.N65 M39 2000.
Also available as an e-book at http://www.netlibrary.com/Reader/ (Go to the web site and enter the book title in the dialog box, make sure that “title” is marked under the search box).

Indian Gaming: Who Wins? / edited by Angela Mullis and David Kamper. Los Angeles, Calif.: UCLA American Indian Studies Center, 2000.
Location: IPC E98.G18 I53 2000

Without Reservation : the Making of America's Most Powerful Indian Tribe and Foxwoods, the World's Largest Casino/ Jeff Benedict.
Location: IPC E99.P53 B45 2000

Gaming Law for the Tribal Council and Gaming Commission / [presented by the Falmouth Institute]. Fairfax, VA: The Falmouth Institute, Inc., 1999.
Location: IPC E98.L34 G2547 1999

Tourism and Gaming on American Indian Lands / edited by Alan A. Lew, George A. Van Otten. New York: Cognizant Communication Corp., 1998.
Location: IPC E93 .T68 1998

Gambler Way [computer file]: Indian Gaming in Mythology, History, and Archaeology in North America / Kathryn Gabriel. Boulder, Colo. : Johnson Books, 1996.
Location: available as an e-book at http://www.netlibrary.com/Reader/ (Go to the web site and enter the book title in the dialog box, make sure that “title” is marked under the search box)

Return of the Buffalo: The Story behind America's Indian Gaming Explosion / Ambrose I. Lane, Sr.; forewords by Esteban E. Torres and Terry L. Pechota.
Location: IPC E99.C155 L25 1995

Reservation-based Gaming / National Indian Policy Center. Washington, D.C.: National Indian Policy Center, George Washington University, [1993.]
Location: IPC E98.G2 .R37369 1993

Indian Gaming and the Law / edited by William Eadington. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1990.
Location: IPC E98.L34 G25 1990

Manual of Indian Gaming Law, Annotated / compiled and edited by Ralph Reeser. Fairfax, VA: Falmouth Institute, [1992]- (five volumes).
Location: NALC KF8210.G36 M36

Because this is such a highly regulated area of law – there are many government documents on microform/fiche that address this topic. Here are just a few samples of reports that can be found on microform/fiche. Search using the Library of Congress subject headings listed above for more entries.

Microform/fiche:

Amending the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act, and for other purposes, microform: report (to accompany S. 2920). Washington, D.C. : U.S. G.P.O., 2000].
Location: Law Microforms – First Floor CIS 00 S413-18

Indian gaming, microform: hearing before the Committee on Indian Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Sixth Congress, second session, on to provide information on the activities of the National Indian Gaming Commission, July 26, 2000, Washington, DC. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2000.
Location: Law Microforms – First Floor CIS 2001 S411-6

Gaming Regulatory Act Amendments: hearing before the Committee on Indian Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Fifth Congress, first session, on S. 1077, to amend the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act, October 29, 1997, Washington, DC. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1998.
Location: McFarlin Gov Docs Y 4.IN 2/11:S.HRG.105-318

The Department of the Interior's denial of the Wisconsin Chippewa's casino applications, microform: hearings before the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifth Congress, second session, January 21, 22, 28, and 29, 1998. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1998-.
Location: CIS Microfiche Accession Numbers: CIS 98 H401-112 (vol.1), CIS 98 H401-113 (vol.2), CIS 98 H401-114 (vol.3). "Serial no. 105-92."

Gaming Regulatory Act Amendments, microform: hearing before the Committee on Indian Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Fifth Congress, first session, on S. 1077, to amend the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act, October 29, 1997, Washington, DC. Washington : U.S. G.P.O., 1998.
Location: Law Microforms – First Floor CIS 98 S411-15

Narragansett Indian Tribe, microform: oversight hearing before the Committee on Resources, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifth Congress, first session ... May 1, 1997--Washington, DC. Washington : U.S. G.P.O., 1997.
Location: Law Microforms – First Floor CIS 97 H651-42

Seminole Tribe of Florida v. State of Florida, microform: hearing before the Committee on Indian Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Fourth Congress, second session, oversight hearing on the impact of the U.S. Supreme Court's recent decision in Seminole Tribe of Florida v. state of Florida, May 9, 1996, Washington, DC. Washington : U.S. G.P.O., 1996.
Location: Law Microforms – First Floor CIS 97 S411-4

Amending the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act, and for other purposes, microform: report (to accompany S. 487). [Washington, D.C.?: U.S. G.P.O., 1996].
Location: Law Microforms – First Floor CIS 96 S413-2

National Indian Gaming Commission (NIGC)
http://www.nigc.gov
Created in 1988, when Congress enacted the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act (IGRA), the NIGC is an independent federal regulatory agency, comprised of three Commissioners, each of whom serves a three-year term. The Chair is appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate. The Secretary of the Interior appoints the two Associate Commissioners. Under the IGRA, at least two of the three Commissioners must be enrolled members of a federally-recognized Indian tribe and no more than two members may be of the same political party.

National Indian Gaming Association (NIGA)
http://www.indiangaming.org/
The National Indian Gaming Association is an organization of over 150 sovereign Indian Nations as well as other non-voting associate members interested in the preservation of Native sovereignty and protection of Native economic rights in tribal gaming and economic development enterprises.

Victor Rocha’s Indian Gaming News
http://www.pechanga.net/
The place for Indian Gaming news online.

American Indians on Reservations: a Databook of Socioeconomic Change between the 1990 and 2000 Censuses / Jonathan B. Taylor, Joseph P. Kalt.
Other Title: Cabazon, the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act, and the Socioeconomic Consequences of American Indian Governmental Gaming: a Ten-year Review
http://www.ksg.harvard.edu/hpaied/pubs/cabazon.htm

Internet Resources:

Implementation of the Texas Restoration Act: hearing before the Committee on Indian Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Seventh Congress, second session on oversight hearing on implementation of the Texas Restoration Act, June 18, 2002, Washington, DC. Washington : U.S. G.P.O., 2002.
http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=107_senate_hearings&docid=f:80743.wais

A Bill to Amend the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act to include provisions relating to the payment and administration of gaming fees, and for other purposes: report together with minority views (to accompany S. 1529). [Washington, D.C. : U.S. G.P.O., 2004].
http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=108_cong_reports&docid=f:sr380.108

The Class II Gaming Debate: The Johnson Act vs. The Indian Gaming Regulatory Act, Heidi McNeil Staudenmaier & Andrew D. Lynch – an article that discusses class II gaming issues; it appeared in Gaming Law Review, Volume 8, Number 4, 2004.
http://www.gaminglawmasters.com/jurisdictions/arizona/glr.2004.8.227.pdf

Joint Occasional Papers on Native Affairs / No. 2003-04 / Social & Economic Consequences of Indian Gaming in Oklahoma, Kenneth W. Grant II, Katherine A. Spilde, Jonathan B. Taylor
http://www.jopna.net/pubs/JOPNA04_Okla.pdf

United States General Accounting Office / Report to the Chairman, Committee on Ways and Means, House of Representatives / Tax Policy / A Profile of the Indian Gaming Industry, May 1997
http://www.unclefed.com/GAOReports/ggd97-91.pdf

Media:

Miracle in the Desert, videorecording: An American Success Story / Cabazon Band of Mission Indians; directed and produced by David Kuspa; orginial script, Donald Breshahan.
Location: Law Media Reserve E99.C155 M57 1992 VHS